True or False: What Do We Know About Cancer?
Every year, millions of people worldwide are diagnosed with cancer. Most of us know someone who has or has had cancer. However, misinformation and myths about cancer still persist. Let’s clarify some of the most common ones.
Cancer Is a General Term for Different Diseases
True. The term cancer refers to cells that grow and spread uncontrollably, but it encompasses more than 100 different diseases. Even cancers originating in the same organ, such as breast cancer, can vary significantly from one case to another. For this reason, treatment plans are always personalized.
You Are Only at Risk if Cancer Runs in Your Family
False. A family history of cancer may increase risk, but most cancers are not hereditary. Only about 5–10% of cancers are linked to inherited genetic mutations.
Mobile Phones Cause Cancer
False. Research is ongoing, but there is currently no evidence that radiation from mobile phones is sufficient to cause cancer. Mobile phones emit low-frequency energy, which has not been shown to damage DNA.
Cancer Is Contagious
False. Some viruses associated with increased cancer risk—such as human papillomavirus (HPV) or hepatitis B and C viruses—can be transmitted. However, cancer itself is not contagious.
Lifestyle Choices Can Help Reduce Cancer Risk
True. Daily habits play a significant role in increasing or reducing cancer risk. Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer and contributes to other cancers; excessive sun exposure increases the risk of skin cancer; being overweight and excessive alcohol consumption are associated with higher risk for many types of cancer.
Chemotherapy Always Causes Severe Side Effects and Hair Loss
False. Chemotherapy side effects are not always debilitating. Modern treatments have improved significantly, and many side effects are manageable. Hair loss depends on the specific drugs used.
Cancer Is Always Fatal
False. Survival rates have improved significantly thanks to advances in treatment. Compared to the past, many people diagnosed with cancer now live longer and healthier lives, especially when cancer is detected early and treated appropriately.