Oncologic Dermatology – UPMC

Oncologic Dermatology focuses on the early diagnosis and treatment of skin tumors, both benign and malignant. Melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers (epitheliomas) are among the most common skin neoplasms.

Early diagnosis is crucial. When detected at an early stage, melanoma has an excellent prognosis; if left untreated, it can spread rapidly to other organs. Prevention through regular self-examination and periodic dermatological check-ups significantly reduces the risk of complications.

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Oncologic Dermatology services are available at:

• UPMC Salvator Mundi International Hospital

Skin Tumors

• Melanoma – A cancer that develops from melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin. Although it accounts for only about 5% of all skin cancers, it is the most aggressive form. Melanoma can be identified using the ABCDE rule:
• Asymmetry
• Border irregularity
• Color variation
• Diameter greater than 6 mm
• Evolving (changes over time)
• Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers (Epitheliomas) – Tumors that originate from epidermal cells and include:
• Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) – Slow-growing, minimally invasive, and rarely spreads to other parts of the body.
• Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) – More aggressive than basal cell carcinoma and may spread if not treated.
• Precancerous Lesions – Actinic keratoses and other lesions that require monitoring to prevent progression to skin cancer.

Diagnosis and Prevention

Diagnosis is based on a specialized dermatological examination, digital dermoscopy (magnified evaluation of skin lesions), and skin biopsy, which is the only test that can provide a definitive diagnosis.

Prevention includes regular skin self-examinations using the ABCDE rule, annual dermatological screenings, appropriate sun protection, and limiting exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

Treatment

Oncologic dermatologic surgery includes the removal of benign superficial lesions as well as more extensive surgical procedures for skin cancers, followed by immediate reconstruction of the affected areas when necessary.

Oncologic dermatologic surgery is often the first-line treatment for skin cancer, offering high success rates, particularly when the disease is diagnosed at an early stage.